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The link between immune cell function and mitochondrial function is now well recognized and a field known as “immunometabolism” is dedicated to understanding the relationship between immune and metabolic pathways. Mitochondria play a crucial role in regulating not only the growth, but also the function, of immune cells. In addition to providing energy to support the synthesis of the macromolecules essential for immune cell proliferation, mitochondria also act as signaling organelles, driving activation of immune cells via metabolic intermediates, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS)

Memory T cells persist for long term to mediate robust recall response upon rechallenging with previous encountered pathogens. The memory T cell pool is highly heterogeneous based on distinct phenotypic, functional, and locational properties, and contains discrete subsets, which contribute to diverse immune responses. In this mini-review, we will briefly discuss the distinct subsets of memory T cells and then focus on mitochondria-related metabolic and epigenetic regulations of CD8+ T cell memory formation. In particular, we discuss many aspects of mitochondrial quality control systems (biogenesis, dynamics, etc.) in regulating CD8+ T cell fate decision and antitumor immunity. Importantly, targeting mitochondrial metabolism to boost T cell memory formation and metabolic fitness might represent an attractive strategy to improve cancer immunotherapy including CAR-T therapy.

Today, research has shown the benefits of molecular hydrogen being wide-spread acting as a powerful antioxidant, supporting cognitive health and athletic performance. 

Promoting healthy metabolism and helping in the activation of the body's natural detoxification system.